BIRD LIST KEY
Seasonal Definitions:
Spring = March through May.
Summer = June and July.
Fall = August through November.
Winter = December through February.
Migrant = Occurs during both Spring and Fall.
Status Definitions:
Common = Species observed repeatedly in all proper habitat.
Fairly common = Species occurs in only some proper habitat.
Uncommon = Species occurs on a regular basis but is not observed frequently in proper habitat.
Rare = Species probably occurs regularly, but in very small numbers.
Occasional= Species has been recorded no more than a few times, but irregular observations are likely a period of years.
Accidental: Species recorded five or fewer times.
Extirpated = Locally extinct.
* = Breeding species
*? = Possible breeding species.
WATERFOWL
Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons
Snow Goose Chen caerulescens
Brant Branta bernicla
Cackling Goose Branta hutchinsii
Canada Goose Branta canadensis
Trumpeter Swan Cygnus buccinator
Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus
Wood Duck Aix sponsa
Gadwall Anas strepera
Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope
American Wigeon Anas americana
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos
Blue-winged Teal Anas discors
Cinnamon Teal Anas cyanoptera
Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata
Northern Pintail Anas acuta
Green-winged Teal Anas crecca
Canvasback Aythya valisineria
Redhead Aythya americana
Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris
Greater Scaup Aythya marila
Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis
King Eider Somateria spectabilis
Harlequin Duck Histrionicus histrionicus
Surf Scoter Melanitta perspicillata
White-winged Scoter Melanitta fusca
Black Scoter Melanitta americana
Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis
Bufflehead Bucephala albeola
Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula
Barrow's Goldeneye Bucephala islandica
Hooded Merganser Lophodytes cucullatus
Common Merganser Mergus merganser
Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator
Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis
NEW WORLD QUAIL
Mountain Quail Oreortyx pictus
California Quail Callipepla californica
PHEASANTS AND GROUSE
Ring-necked Pheasant Phasianus colchicus
Ruffed Grouse Bonasa umbellus
Sooty Grouse Dendragapus fuliginosus
LOONS
Red-throated Loon Gavia stellata
Pacific Loon Gavia pacifica
Common Loon Gavia immer
Yellow-billed Loon Gavia adamsii
GREBES
Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps
Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus
Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena
Eared Grebe Podiceps nigricollis
Western Grebe Aechmophorus occidentalis
Clark’s Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii
PETRELS AND SHEARWATERS
Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis
Short-tailed Shearwater Puffinus tenuirostris
STORM-PETRELS
Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma furcata
CORMORANTS
Brandt’s Cormorant Phalacrocorax penicillatus
Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus
Pelagic Cormorant Phalacrocorax pelagicus
PELICANS
American White Pelican Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis
HERONS
American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus
Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias
Great Egret Ardea alba
Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis
Green Heron Butorides virescens
Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax
NEW WORLD VULTURES
Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura
OSPREYS
Osprey Pandion haliaetus
HAWKS AND EAGLES
White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus
Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus
Cooper’s Hawk Accipiter cooperii
Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis
Swainson’s Hawk Buteo swainsoni
Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis
Rough-legged Hawk Buteo lagopus
Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos
RAILS AND COOTS
Virginia Rail Rallus limicola
Sora Porzana carolina
American Coot Fulica americana
CRANES
Sandhill Crane Grus canadensis
PLOVERS
Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola
American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica
Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus
Killdeer Charadrius vociferus
OYSTERCATCHERS
Black Oystercatcher Haematopus bachmani
SANDPIPERS AND ALLIES
Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius
Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria
Wandering Tattler Tringa incana
Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca
Willet Tringa semipalmata
Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes
Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus
Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa
Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres
Black Turnstone Arenaria melanocephala
Surfbird Aphriza virgata
Red Knot Calidris canutus
Sanderling Calidris alba
Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla
Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri
Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla
Baird’s Sandpiper Calidris bairdii
Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos
Rock Sandpiper Calidris ptilocnemis
Dunlin Calidris alpina
Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus
Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus
Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus
Wilson’s Snipe Gallinago delicata
Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus
Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius
GULLS AND TERNS
Sabine’s Gull Xema sabini
Bonaparte’s Gull Chroicocephalus philadelphia
Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus
Little Gull Hydrocoloeus minutus
Franklin’s Gull Leucophaeus pipixcan
Heermann’s Gull Larus heermanni
Mew Gull Larus canus
Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis
Western Gull Larus occidentalis
California Gull Larus californicus
Herring Gull Larus argentatus
Thayer’s Gull Larus thayeri
Glaucous-winged Gull Larus glaucescens
Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus
Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia
Common Tern Sterna hirundo
JAEGERS
Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus
Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus
Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus
ALCIDS
Common Murre Uria aalge
Pigeon Guillemot Cepphus columba
Marbled Murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus
Ancient Murrelet Synthliboramphus antiquus
Cassin’s Auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus
Rhinoceros Auklet Cerorhinca monocerata
PIGEONS AND DOVES
Rock Pigeon Columba livia
Band-tailed Pigeon Patagioenas fasciata
Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto
Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura
BARN OWLS
Barn Owl Tyto alba
TYPICAL OWLS
Western Screech-Owl Megascops kennicottii
Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus
Snowy Owl Bubo scandiacus
Northern Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium gnoma
Barred Owl Strix varia
Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus
Northern Saw-whet Owl Aegolius acadicus
NIGHTJARS
Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor
SWIFTS
Black Swift Cypseloides niger
Vaux’s Swift Chaetura vauxi
HUMMINGBIRDS
Anna’s Hummingbird Calypte anna
Rufous Hummingbird Selasphorus rufus
KINGFISHERS
Belted Kingfisher Megaceryle alcyon
WOODPECKERS
Lewis’s Woodpecker Melanerpes lewis
Red-breasted Sapsucker Sphyrapicus ruber
Downy Woodpecker Picoides pubescens
Hairy Woodpecker Picoides villosus
Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus
Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus
FALCONS
American Kestrel Falco sparverius
Merlin Falco columbarius
Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus
TYRANT FLYCATCHERS
Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus cooperi
Western Wood-Pewee Contopus sordidulus
Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii
Least Flycatcher Empidonax minimus
Hammond’s Flycatcher Empidonax hammondii
Dusky Flycatcher Empidonax oberholseri
Pacific-slope Flycatcher Empidonax difficilis
Say’s Phoebe Sayornis saya
Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis
Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus
SHRIKES
Northern Shrike Lanius excubitor
VIREOS
Cassin’s Vireo Vireo cassinii
Hutton’s Vireo Vireo huttoni
Warbling Vireo Vireo gilvus
Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus
CROWS and ALLIES
Steller’s Jay Cyanocitta stelleri
Western Scrub-Jay Aphelocoma californica
Clark’s Nutcracker Nucifraga columbiana
American Crow Corvus brachirynchos
Common Raven Corvus corax
LARKS
Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris
SWALLOWS
Purple Martin Progne subis
Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor
Violet-green Swallow Tachycineta thalassina
Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis
Cliff Swallow Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica
CHICKADEES
Black-capped Chickadee Poecile atricapillus
Mountain Chickadee Poecile gambeli
Chestnut-backed Chickadee Poecile rufescens
BUSHTITS
Bushtit Psaltriparus minimus
NUTHATCHES
Red-breasted Nuthatch Sitta canadensis
CREEPERS
Brown Creeper Certhia americana
WRENS
Rock Wren Salpinctes obsoletus
Bewick’s Wren Thryomanes bewickii
House Wren Troglodytes aedon
Pacific Wren Troglodytes pacificus
Marsh Wren Cistothorus palustris
DIPPERS
American Dipper Cinclus mexicanus
KINGLETS
Golden-crowned Kinglet Regulus satrapa
Ruby-crowned Kinglet Regulus calendula
THRUSHES
Western Bluebird Sialia mexicana
Mountain Bluebird Sialia currucoides
Townsend’s Solitaire Myadestes townsendi
Swainson’s Thrush Catharus ustulatus
Hermit Thrush Catharus guttatus
American Robin Turdus migratorius
Varied Thrush Ixoreus naevius
THRASHERS AND ALLIES
Northern Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos
Sage Thrasher Oreoscoptes montanus
STARLINGS
European Starling Sturnus vulgaris
PIPITS
Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus
American Pipit Anthus rubescens
WAXWINGS
Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum
LONGSPURS, ETC
Lapland Longspur Calcarius lapponicus
Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis
WOOD WARBLERS
Golden-winged Warbler Vermivora chrysoptera
Orange-crowned Warbler Oreothlypis celata
Nashville Warbler Oreothlypis ruficapilla
MacGillivray’s Warbler Geothlypis tolmiei
Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas
Yellow Warbler Setophaga petechia
Palm Warbler Setophaga palmarum
Yellow-rumped Warbler Setophaga coronata
Black-throated Gray Warbler Setophaga nigrescens
Townsend’s Warbler Setophaga townsendi
Wilson’s Warbler Cardellina pusilla
NEW WORLD SPARROWS AND ALLIES
Green-tailed Towhee Pipilo chlorurus
Spotted Towhee Pipilo maculatus
Chipping Sparrow Spizella passerina
Clay-colored Sparrow Spizella pallida
Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis
Fox Sparrow Passerella iliaca
Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia
Lincoln’s Sparrow Melospiza lincolnii
Swamp Sparrow Melospiza georgiana
White-throated Sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis
Harris’s Sparrow Zonotrichia querula
White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys
Golden-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia atricapilla
Dark-eyed Junco Junco hyemalis
GROSBEAKS and ALLIES
Western Tanager Piranga ludoviciana
Black-headed Grosbeak Pheucticus melanocephalus
Lazuli Bunting Passerina amoena
BLACKBIRDS and ALLIES
Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus
Red-winged Blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus
Western Meadowlark Sturnella neglecta
Yellow-headed Blackbird Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus
Brewer’s Blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus
Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater
Bullock’s Oriole Icterus bullockii
OLD WORLD FINCHES AND ALLIES
Pine Grosbeak Pinicola enucleator
Purple Finch Haemorhous purpureus
Cassin's Finch Haemorhous cassinii
House Finch Haemorhous mexicanus
Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra
White-winged Crossbill Loxia leucoptera
Common Redpoll Acanthis flammea
Pine Siskin Spinus pinus
Lesser Goldfinch Spinus psaltria
American Goldfinch Spinus tristis
Evening Grosbeak Coccothraustes vespertinus
OLD WORLD SPARROWS
House Sparrow Passer domesticus
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